Name: Jose Miguel Salgado
Current location: Santiago de Chile
Current status: Cultural Management student, employed as a tour guide, looking for new challenges.
Way for others to contact you: jocmgl {at} gmail.com
From what you know of American 20-somethings, do you think Chilean 20-somethings are similar? I think in terms of culture we are very similar. It is very easy to just talk about the same TV shows, news, etc. Now of course people from the US are very different according to where they are from, but in general terms, I think we have very similar interests. But in Chile, we’ve been going through some very important political processes and we have a very active young population in terms of politics…which I don’t feel is that strong in the US.
Describe in brief some of the political issues: We are one of the wealthiest countries in South America, and one with the highest levels of inequity. There are a lot of people here that still think that what happened during Pinochet’s dictatorship is ok. Many of them work for the government, and with the help of the constitution that Pinochet created they manage to make changes very difficult. It is very frustrating – it is a very discriminatory society and very conservative. There is a constant struggle to ask for basic rights like freedom of expression.
Do most people go to University? Yeah, but it is complicated. There is not a lot of regulation on universities and there are a lot of private ones that are super bad, but people don’t have other options but to go there because they are the only ones that give a lot of payment offers and that don’t ask for a high grade in a exam we have that is called PSU (something like the SAT exam). Most of our public schools are bad, really really bad. So if you are poor you go to those [schools], you don’t get good grades so you [take out loans], you go to a bad private university and then can’t find a job because everyone knows your university is bad…. and you have a huge debt to pay with a bank. Sometimes banks take people houses to pay the credit they ask to go to university… so even if people do go to the U…they do it on very bad conditions.
That sounds rough. So there must be pressure to find a job right after graduation. Yeah … I know in a lot of places people can travel outside the country and go to Europe or some places really far. Here that’s very uncommon… usually you study, find a job, and when you get married or [become] a couple, you move out, cuz it is easier to pay the bills with someone else.
Is it easy for University graduates in Chile to find a job? I think it depends on your career. Some have a lot more opportunities than others, but I think that what’s very very difficult is to find a job with a good payment. The minimum income is around 460 USD a month … and the prices are almost the same [as those] in the US, sometimes even more expensive. The average income is 1,000 USD per month. So for most students, they can’t leave their parents’ house until they are 25–27 years old. My oldest sister left the house when she was 29 and she had a job as a nurse since she was 24.
What is one of the best parts about being a 20-something in Chile right now? We are the first generation in Chile with the highest average of university students, and the first one that didn’t know Pinochet’s dictatorship; at the same time, the one with access to internet and cable… because of all that, we feel there are a lot of things that are our responsibility to change, amend and develop. And, you feel that … you feel people have the energy to fight for what’s right…after a long wait, people just said “enough”. And that feels exciting.*